Semester 2 Spring/Summer 2003
Short-fat; block B: 3 21 March, 2003; times and rooms: see
schedule
First lecture: Monday, 3 March, 2003, 11:00, Lab T (SOC 166/37);
UG Masters: Prerequisites: MA155/156, OA218; CP value: 15
M. Sc.: Prerequisites: Basic Calculus and Differential Equations as in MA155/156, and Introduction to Physical Oceanography as in OA431; or permission of instructor.
Instructors: Professor Jochem Marotzke (co-ordinator), Professor John Shepherd;
School of Ocean & Earth Science, Southampton Oceanography Centre;
Jochem.Marotzke@soc.soton.ac.uk; SOC, 566/11; Tel. (023) 80 593755
John.G.Shepherd@soc.soton.ac.uk SOC, 786/03; Tel. (023) 80 596256
Aim of the course: To provide a rigorous introduction into the processes that are crucial in shaping climate; to introduce students to the art and science of constructing simplified models that help to obtain conceptual understanding
Concepts and models are introduced that help us to understand fundamental aspects of the Earths climate, such as global mean temperature, global-scale temperature differences, and what might cause these to vary on timescales of decades and longer. Particular emphasis will be placed on oceanic and coupled ocean-atmosphere processes. While we cover observed elements of the climate system and a hierarchy of models ranging from the simplest ones to general circulation models, the focus will be on conceptual understanding throughout. Discussing what is not understood, and hence identifying areas of current and future research, will be a crucial element.
Method of assessment: 50% homework assignments, 50% course project report.
Format: Lectures and exercises
Assignment I (JS) due 6 March, 14:00
Assignment II (JM) due 10 March, 14:00
Assignment III (JM) due 13 March, 14:00
Assignment IV (JM) due 18 March, 14:00
Assignment V (JS) due 24 March, 14:00
Course Project Report (JM & JS) due 28 March, 14:00
Matlab tutorial for course project and model code
Assignments from previous years:
2001 Assignment II (JM)
In pdf format; either notes or copies of transparencies shown. A few lectures are not available on-line (yet).
NB: Many of the figures shown in the lectures are not on the web, mostly for technical or copyright reasons. We will hand out paper copies during class. In addition, the notes contain explicit pointers to where to find the originals.
Lecture 1, Introduction (JM): Lecture 1 Notes
Lecture 2, Atmospheric Observations (JM): Lecture 2 Notes
Lectures 3-6, Simple Climate Models (JS):
Global Energy Balance Models: Lecture 3 Transparencies
One-dimensional Energy Balance Models: Lecture 4 Transparencies
Spreadsheet models: ebm_pmc_1; ebm_global ; ebm_mod_jgs
Radiative-convective Models: Lecture 5 Transparencies; Notes
Statistical-dynamical models: Lecture 6 Transparencies
Lectures 7-11, Ocean Data and Dynamics (JM)
Passive Ocean Models: Lecture 7 Notes; Lecture 7 Summary
Thermohaline Circulation (THC) and Salinity Effects: Lecture 8 Notes; Lecture 8 Summary
Surface Boundary Conditions: Lecture 9 Notes; Lecture 9 Summary
Box Models: Multiple Equilibria: Lecture 10 Notes;
Box Models: Interhemispheric Flow: Lecture 11 Notes;
Lectures 12-13: Coupled Box Models (JM):
I: Formulation and Steady States: Lecture 12 Transparencies;
II: Time-dependence and Feedbacks: Lecture 13 Transparencies;
Lecture 14: Biogeochemistry and Climate (JS)
Lecture 14 Transparencies; Carbon_Cycle Figure
Lecture 15: Palaeoclimatology & Ice Ages (JS)
Lecture 16: CO2 and Climate (JS):
Lecture 17: THC Theory (JM).
Lecture 17 Notes; also see Marotzke, 1997: Journal of Physical Oceanography, 27, 1713-1728; electronically available via library electronic journals, http://www.soton.ac.uk/~library/elec/index.shtml. Select J under "Electronic journals", and follow links.
Lecture 18: General Circulation Models I (JM) Multiple Equilibria of the Global THC. Based on Marotzke & Willebrand, 1991, Journal of Physical Oceanography: Vol. 21, No. 9, pp. 13721385; electronically available via library electronic journals, http://www.soton.ac.uk/~library/elec/index.shtml. Select J under "Electronic journals", and follow links.
Lecture 19: General Circulation Models II (JM) Multiple Equilibria in a Coupled GCM. Based on Manabe & Stouffer, 1988: Journal of Climate: Vol. 1, No. 9, pp. 841866; electronically available via library electronic journals, http://www.soton.ac.uk/~library/elec/index.shtml. Select J under "Electronic journals", and follow links.
Lecture 20: Intermediate-Complexity Models (JS)
Lecture 21: Abrupt Climate Change (JM)
Last Updated 19 March, 2003; author: Jochem Marotzke